Names

THIS IS STILL A DRAFT.
Immigrants to Israel were encouraged to hebraize their names to Hebrew. Much like with African Americans, some Israelis felt a "slave name" association to names with European origins - like names ending in -berg, -stein, or -sky. David Ben-Gurion, Israel's first Prime Minister, was a very strong advocate of the practice (his surname was originally Gryn). He eventually issued a directive to require any civil servant and military officers of a certain rank to change their name to Hebrew. Having a hebraized surname also helped a more collective Israeli/Jewish identity form.

Hebraized Surnames
Some surnames are direct translations, for example:

As a subset of these direct translations, some surnames are already Jewish patronyms:

First Names
Jews have two names: a Hebrew name used at synagogue, and a secular name for everyday use (not to mention various nicknames, immigration translations, and diminutives). For example: a man's Hebrew name was Yitzhak; his secular name was the Yiddish version, Itzhik; when he immigrated to the United States, it became Isidore; his co-workers called him "Jack", because they couldn't pronounce Yitzhak; and his family called him "Izzy".